California Phlebotomy Certification Practice Exam

What is the most effective way to prevent infection during a venipuncture?

1. Wipe the area with alcohol

2. Use a disinfectant wipe

3. Apply a tourniquet tightly

4. Use an antiseptic solution

The correct answer is: Use an antiseptic solution

Using an antiseptic solution is the most effective way to prevent infection during a venipuncture because it is specifically designed to eliminate or reduce the number of pathogens on the skin's surface before the needle insertion. Antiseptic solutions, such as chlorhexidine or iodine-based solutions, have broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties that provide a higher level of infection control compared to other methods. While wiping the area with alcohol and using disinfectant wipes can help reduce microbial load, their efficacy may not be as comprehensive as antiseptic solutions, particularly with certain types of bacteria or when the skin is heavily contaminated. Moreover, applying a tourniquet tightly is used to engorge the vein and facilitate blood draw, not for infection prevention. Understanding the importance of adhering to these infection control procedures is crucial for phlebotomists to ensure patient safety and minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections.